[Campbell Biology P.1217] Imagine a region where prevailing winds blow from the west across a... | Practice Question

Imagine a region where prevailing winds blow from the west across a tall mountain range. Based on the "Mountains" section, which of the following climatic conditions would most likely be observed on the eastern leeward side of this mountain range?

  • A: High precipitation and dense, moisture-loving vegetation.
  • B: Cool, dry air and a propensity for desert or arid conditions.
  • C: Warm temperatures and strong, moisture-laden updrafts.
  • D: Frequent fog and moderate temperatures year-round.

Explanation

The "Mountains" section explains the rain shadow effect. When warm, moist air approaches a mountain, it rises and cools, releasing moisture on the windward side. On the leeward side, cooler, dry air descends, absorbing moisture and producing a “rain shadow.” This leads to arid conditions on the leeward side, as seen in deserts like the Mojave and Gobi.