[Campbell Biology P.153] What is the primary difference in the destination of proteins synth... | Practice Question

What is the primary difference in the destination of proteins synthesized by free ribosomes versus bound ribosomes?

  • A: Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for export from the cell; bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for the cytosol.
  • B: Free ribosomes synthesize proteins that function within the cytosol; bound ribosomes synthesize proteins for insertion into membranes, packaging within organelles, or export.
  • C: Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for lysosomes; bound ribosomes synthesize enzymes for sugar breakdown.
  • D: Both types of ribosomes synthesize proteins for the nucleus, but by different pathways.

Explanation

The text states that 'Most of the proteins made on free ribosomes function within the cytosol' and 'Bound ribosomes generally make proteins that are destined for insertion into membranes, for packaging within certain organelles such as lysosomes, or for export from the cell secretion .' This directly explains the different destinations based on ribosome location.