[Campbell Biology P.186] Which statement correctly differentiates active transport from pass... | Practice Question

Which statement correctly differentiates active transport from passive transport, according to the provided text and Figure 7.17?

  • A: Active transport moves substances down their concentration gradient, while passive transport moves them against it.
  • B: Active transport always requires ATP hydrolysis, whereas passive transport never requires energy expenditure by the cell.
  • C: Facilitated diffusion is a type of active transport because it uses transport proteins.
  • D: Only active transport utilizes membrane proteins for solute movement.

Explanation

The text explicitly states for active transport: 'Energy is usually supplied by ATP hydrolysis.' For passive transport, it says: 'crossing a membrane with no expenditure of energy by the cell.' Option B accurately captures this distinction.