[Campbell Biology P.439] Based on the provided text, activated p53 protein can perform which... | Practice Question

Based on the provided text, activated p53 protein can perform which of the following functions? Select all that apply

  • A: Activating transcription of genes for proteins that inhibit the cell cycle (e.g., p21).
  • B: Directing the cell to undergo apoptosis if DNA damage is irreparable.
  • C: Halting the cell cycle by binding to cyclin-dependent kinases.
  • D: Promoting DNA repair.
  • E: Directly stimulating cell division.

Explanation

The text describes p53 as the 'guardian angel of the genome' due to its multifaceted roles in maintaining genomic integrity. Upon activation e.g., by DNA damage , p53 promotes the transcription of genes that inhibit the cell cycle like p21, which halts the cell cycle by binding to CDKs , activates DNA repair genes, and initiates apoptosis if the damage is irreparable. These actions collectively prevent the replication of damaged cells and suppress tumor formation.