[Campbell Biology P.894] Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes between ... | Practice Question
Which of the following statements accurately distinguishes between transcriptional regulation and post-translational modification in the context of de-etiolation?
A: Transcriptional regulation alters the synthesis rate of new proteins, while post-translational modification activates preexisting enzymes.
B: Both mechanisms primarily involve changing the hydrophobicity of proteins.
C: Transcriptional regulation relies on protein phosphatases, while post-translational modification relies on protein kinases.
D: Post-translational modification leads to changes in gene expression, whereas transcriptional regulation affects protein activity directly.
Explanation
The text states that 'Transcriptional regulation increases or decreases the synthesis of mRNA encoding a specific enzyme' and 'Post-translational modification activates preexisting enzymes.' This clearly defines their distinct roles.